Chapter : 4 Programming in C
Rules for Naming a Variable in C:
-
Can only contain letters (A-Z, a-z), digits (0-9), and underscores (_).
-
✅
student_age,num1,total_marks -
❌
student-age(hyphen not allowed)
-
-
Must begin with a letter or an underscore (_), but not a digit.
-
✅
_temp,data1 -
❌
1number(cannot start with a digit)
-
-
Cannot be a C keyword (reserved word).
-
❌
int,float,return(invalid because they are reserved words)
-
-
Case-sensitive (uppercase and lowercase are different).
-
Total,total, andTOTALare three different variables.
-
-
Should not contain spaces.
-
✅
studentMarks -
❌
student marks(space is not allowed)
-
4.2.1 Concept of library and user defined functions and advantages
Function: A function in C is a self-contained block of statements that performs a specific task, and it can be called from another part of the program whenever needed. It helps in modular programming, code reusability, and easy debugging. Functions are very important in C programming because they help in:
-
Modular Programming: Breaks a program into small, manageable parts (modules).
-
Code Reusability: Once a function is written, it can be used multiple times in a program.
-
Easy Debugging and Maintenance: Errors are easier to find and fix in small functions.
-
Improves Readability: Programs are easier to understand when divided into functions.
-
Avoids Repetition: Common tasks can be written once as a function and called wherever needed.
Different types of functions are as follows:
1. Predefined (Library) Functions: Pre-written, built-in functions provided by C standard libraries. e.g. printf, scanf, sqrt.
2. User-Defined Functions: Functions created by the programmer(user) to perform specific tasks. e.g. int add(int a, int b). The different types of user-defined functions are as follows:
a) Functions with No Arguments and No Return Value. e.g. void greet()
b) Functions with No Arguments but Return Value. e.g. int getFive()
c) Functions with Arguments but
No Return Value. e.g. void printSquare(int n)
d) Functions with Arguments and
Return Value. e.g. int add(int a, int b)
Differences
Between Library Functions and User-Defined Functions in C
|
Feature |
Library Functions |
User-Defined Functions |
|
Origin |
These are
pre-defined functions that come bundled with the C compiler. |
These are created by
the programmer to meet the specific needs of a program. |
|
Modification |
The programmer
cannot change the internal code of these functions. |
The programmer has
full control and can modify the code at any time. |
|
Requirement |
A specific header
file (like <stdio.h>) must be included to use them. |
No standard header
file is required; the programmer defines them in the source code. |
|
Naming |
The names are fixed
by the C standard (e.g., printf, sqrt). |
The programmer can
choose any valid name for the function. |
|
Example |
printf(), scanf(),
strlen(), sqrt() |
int add(int a, int
b) |
A function in C has three main components as follows:
1. Function Declaration (Prototype): It tells the
compiler about the function before it is used.
Syntax:
return_type function_name(parameters);
Example:
int add(int, int);
2. Function Definition: It contains the actual
code of the function.
Syntax:
return_type function_name(parameters)
{
statements;
}
Example:
int add(int a, int b)
{
return a + b;
}
Parts of function definition:
Return type → int
Function name → add
Parameters → int a, int b
Function body → code inside { }
3. Function Call: It is used to execute the
function.
Syntax:
function_name(arguments);
Example:
sum = add(5, 3);
Some important worked out examples:
Q1) WAP in C to find sum of two number(integer) using user defined function.
#include <stdio.h>
int sum(int, int);
int main()
{
int a, b, s;
printf("Enter first number: ");
scanf("%d", &a);
printf("Enter second number: ");
scanf("%d", &b);
s = sum(a, b);
printf("The sum of two numbers is %d", s);
return 0;
}
int sum(int x, int y)
{
int sm;
sm = x + y;
return sm;
}
Q2) Write a C program to enter the radius of a football and find the area of the football by using a user-defined function.
#include <stdio.h>
float area(float);
int main()
{
float r, a;
printf("Enter radius: ");
scanf("%f", &r);
a = area(r);
printf("The area of the ball is %f", a);
return 0;
}
float area(float x)
{
float ar;
ar = 4 * 3.14 *
x * x;
return ar;
}
Q4) Write a C program to enter an integer(number) and find whether that number is positive, negative or zero using a user-defined function.
#include <stdio.h>
void check(int);
int main()
{
int n;
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
check(n);
return 0;
}
void check(int x)
{
if (x > 0)
printf("The number is Positive");
else if (x <
0)
printf("The number is Negative");
else
printf("The number is Zero");
}
5) Write a C program to greatest number among two using a user-defined function.
#include <stdio.h>
void great(int, int);
int main()
{
int a, b;
printf("Enter first number: ");
scanf("%d", &a);
printf("Enter first number: ");
scanf("%d", &b);
great(a, b);
return 0;
}
void great(int x, int y)
{
if (x>y)
printf("The greatest number is: %d",x);
else
printf("The greatest number is: %d",y);
}
PQ) Write a C program to smallest number among three using a user-defined function.
6) Write a program to find the sum of n integer number using function.
#include<stdio.h>
int sum(int);
int main()
{
int n, s = 0;
printf("Enter number of integers: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
s = sum(n);
printf("The sum of integer numbers: %d", s);
return 0;
}
int sum(int x)
{
int i, num, sm = 0;
for(i = 1; i <= x; i++)
{
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &num);
sm = sm + num;
}
return sm;
}
4.2.5 Concept of Recursion: factorial and Fibonacci problems
#include <stdio.h>
int factorial(int);
int main()
{
int n, fact;
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
fact = factorial(n);
printf("The factorial is: %d", fact);
return 0;
}
int factorial(int n)
{
if (n == 0 || n == 1)
return 1;
else
return n * factorial(n - 1);
}
WAP in C to find the nth term of a Fibonacci series using recursive function:
A structure in C is a user-defined data type that
allows grouping variables of different types under a single name. This helps to
logically organize and manage related data. It is defined and declared using
the ‘struct’ keyword followed by the structure name and a set of curly braces.
For example:
struct Student
{
int id;
float marks;
} s1;
Key Points about Structure:
1. Definition of Structure
The definition specifies the structure's layout, i.e.,
its members and their types.
Syntax:
struct StructureName
{
dataType member1;
dataType
member2;
...
};
Example:
struct Student
{
int id;
float
marks;
};
2. Declaration of Structure
After defining a structure, we can declare variables of
the structure type.
Syntax:
struct StructureName variableName;
Example:
struct Student s1;
3. Initialization of Structure
We can initialize a structure during declaration or later
in the program.
a. Initialization at Declaration:
Syntax:
struct StructureName variableName = {value1, value2,
...};
Example:
struct Student s1 = {101, 87.5};
b. Initialization After Declaration:
We can assign values to members individually:
s1.id = 101;
s1.marks = 87.5;
4. Accessing Members of a Structure
To access individual members of a structure, use the dot
operator (.).
Syntax:
structureVariable.memberName
Example:
printf("ID: %d", s1.id);
printf("Marks: %.f", s1.marks);
5. Size of Structure
The size of a structure is the sum of the sizes of all its members (plus padding if any).
Syntax:
sizeof(struct StructureName)
Example:
printf("Size of Student structure: %d bytes", sizeof(struct
Student));
6. Array of Structure
An array of structure is a collection of structure variables of the same type.
Syntax:
s[3] is an array that can store 3 student records.id and marks.
4.3 Union
vs Structure in C:
Both unions and structures are
user-defined data types in C that allow grouping of different data types.
However, they have significant differences in how they store data and how their
members are accessed.
Structures:
Ø Definition:
Ø Memory Allocation:
Each member of a structure has its own memory location.
Ø Size: The total
size of a structure is the sum of the sizes of its members, including any
padding bytes added for alignment.
Ø Access: All
members can be accessed individually and simultaneously.
Ø Example:
struct
Person {
char name[50];
int age;
float height;
}s1;
Unions:
Ø Definition:
A union is a user-defined data type that allows storing different data types in
the same memory location.
Ø Memory Allocation:
All members of a union share the same memory location. The size of a union is
equal to the size of its largest member.
Ø Size: The total
size of a union is the size of its largest member.
Ø Access: Only one
member can be accessed at a time, as they share the same memory location.
Ø Example:
union
Data {
int i;
float f;
char str[20];
}s1;
Some important worked out examples:
Q1) Write a C program to store 10 student records with fields
for roll numbers, names, and marks in computer science. Process and display the
roll numbers, names, and marks of students.
Ans:
#include <stdio.h>
struct student
{
int rn, marks;
char name[20];
};
int main()
{
struct student s[10];
int i;
for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
printf("\nEnter details for
Student %d:\n", i + 1);
printf("Enter
Roll Number: ");
scanf("%d",
&s[i].rn);
printf("Enter
Name: ");
scanf("%s",
s[i].name);
printf("Enter
Marks in Computer Science: ");
scanf("%d",
&s[i].marks);
}
printf("\nThe Detail of Students in
Tabular Form:\n");
printf("\nROLL
NO\tNAME\tMARKS");
for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
printf("\n%d\t%s\t%d",
s[i].rn, s[i].name, s[i].marks);
}
return 0;
}
Example Output:
Enter details for Student 1
Enter Roll Number: 101
Enter Name: Madhav
Enter Marks in Computer Science: 99
.............
Enter Roll Number: 110
Enter Name: Ramesh
Enter Marks in Computer Science: 90
The Detail of Students in Tabular Form:
ROLL NO NAME MARKS
101 Madhav
99
........ …….. …
110 Ramesh 90
PQ) Write a C program that reads the account_number, name and address of ten customers from users and displays the account_number, name and address of these customers using Array and structure.
Q2) Define the structure. Write a C program using structure
to input staff ID, name, and the salary of 50 staff. Display staff ID, name,
and salary of those staff whose salary ranges from 25 thousand to 40 thousand. [2+6]
Ans:
#include <stdio.h>
struct staff
{
int id;
char name[30];
float salary;
};
int main()
{
struct staff
s[50];
int i;
for(i = 0; i <
50; i++)
{
printf("\nEnter details of staff %d\n", i + 1);
printf("Enter Staff ID: ");
scanf("%d", &s[i].id);
printf("Enter Name: ");
scanf("%s", s[i].name);
printf("Enter Salary: ");
scanf("%f", &s[i].salary);
}
printf("\nThe
Details of Staff with Salary between 25000 and 40000:\n");
printf("\nID\tNAME\tSALARY");
for(i = 0; i <
50; i++)
{
if(s[i].salary
>= 25000 && s[i].salary <= 40000)
{
printf("\n%d\t%s\t%.2f", s[i].id, s[i].name, s[i].salary);
}
}
return 0;
}
Example Output:
Enter details of staff 1
Enter Staff ID: 101
Enter Name: Ram
Enter Salary: 30000
..............
Enter details of staff 50
Enter Staff ID: 150
Enter Name: Sita
Enter Salary: 45000
The Details of Staff with Salary between 25000 and 40000:
ID NAME
SALARY
101 Ram
30000.00
...... ......
......
150 Hari
38000.00
PQ1) Create a structure to store the name and salary of 100 employees and display the names of the employee getting salary between 10000 and 25000.
PQ2) Write a C program using structure that reads the account_number, name and balance of ten customers from users and displays the details of those customers whose account contain more than 1 lakh.
Q3) Develop a program in C using structure to ask the information of any 12 students with roll number, name and marks scored in sub1, sub2, and sub3. Also, display them in proper format along with the calculation of total and percentage. [Note: the full mark of each subject is 100].
Ans:
#include <stdio.h>
struct student
{
int roll;
char name[30];
int sub1;
int sub2;
int sub3;
int total;
float percentage;
};
int main()
{
struct student
s[12];
int i;
for(i = 0; i <
12; i++)
{
printf("\nEnter details of student %d\n", i + 1);
printf("Enter Roll Number: ");
scanf("%d", &s[i].roll);
printf("Enter Name: ");
scanf("%s", s[i].name);
printf("Enter Marks in Subject 1: ");
scanf("%d", &s[i].sub1);
printf("Enter Marks in Subject 2: ");
scanf("%d", &s[i].sub2);
printf("Enter Marks in Subject 3: ");
scanf("%d", &s[i].sub3);
s[i].total =
s[i].sub1 + s[i].sub2 + s[i].sub3;
s[i].percentage = (s[i].total / 300.0) * 100;
}
printf("\nThe
Details of Students with Total and Percentage:\n");
printf("\nROLL\tNAME\tSUB1\tSUB2\tSUB3\tTOTAL\tPERCENTAGE");
for(i = 0; i <
12; i++)
{
printf("\n%d\t%s\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%f",
s[i].roll,
s[i].name,
s[i].sub1,
s[i].sub2,
s[i].sub3,
s[i].total,
s[i].percentage);
}
return 0;
}
Example Output:
Enter details of student 1
Enter Roll Number: 101
Enter Name: Madhav
Enter Marks in Subject 1: 85
Enter Marks in Subject 2: 90
Enter Marks in Subject 3: 80
...............
Enter details of student 12
Enter Roll Number: 112
Enter Name: Ramesh
Enter Marks in Subject 1: 75
Enter Marks in Subject 2: 80
Enter Marks in Subject 3: 85
The Details of Students with Total and Percentage:
ROLL NAME SUB1 SUB2 SUB3 TOTAL PERCENTAGE
101 Madhav 85
90 80
255 85
...... ...... ......
..... ...... ...... .....
112 Ramesh 75
80 85
240 80
PQ) Write a program to enter the roll number, name and five subject marks of student and calculate and display total using structure.
4.4 Pointers
In C programming, a pointer is a variable that
stores the memory address of another variable.
Ø Instead
of holding data directly, pointer holds the address of the variable where the data
is stored.
Ø Pointers
are widely used in C for dynamic memory allocation, efficient function calls,
and working with arrays and strings.
Advantages of using pointers in C programming:
a) Efficient Memory Management: Pointers allow direct access to memory for dynamic allocation and deallocation.
b) Pass-by-Reference: Pointers enable functions to
modify the actual values of variables, which improves performance.
c) Dynamic Data Structures: Pointers are essential for
creating and managing dynamic data structures such as linked lists and trees.
d) Memory Sharing: Pointers allow different parts of a
program to share and manipulate the same data.
e) Faster Data Processing: Pointers provide quick
access to arrays and lists, resulting in faster data processing.
f) Direct Hardware Control: Pointers help in
interfacing directly with hardware components of the computer.
Key
Points about Pointers:
1) Declaration: A pointer is
declared by placing an asterisk * before the pointer variable name.
Syntax:
dataType
*pointerName;
Example:
int
*ptr;
This
declares a pointer ptr that can point to an integer variable.
2) Initialization: A pointer is
initialized with the address of a variable using the address-of operator “&”.
Example:
int a =
10;
int
*ptr = &a;
Here,
ptr holds the address of a.
3) Dereferencing: The value at the
memory address pointed to by the pointer can be accessed using the dereference
(indirection) operator “*”.
Example:
printf("%d",
*ptr);
This
prints the value of a, which is 10.
Example 1(Sum of two numbers using pointer):
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a, b, sum;
int *ptr1 = &a; // Declaration and Initialization
of pointer ptr1
int *ptr2 = &b; // Declaration and Initialization
of pointer ptr2
printf("Enter first number:
");
scanf("%d", ptr1);
printf("Enter second number:
");
scanf("%d", ptr2);
sum = *ptr1 + *ptr2; //
Dereferencing pointers to access values and calculate sum
printf("The sum of two numbers: ", sum);
return 0;
}
Exampe 2(Check positive, negative or zero using pointer)
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n;
int *ptr = &n;
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", ptr);
if(*ptr>0)
printf("Positive");
else if(*ptr<0)
printf("Negative");
else
printf("Zero");
return 0;
}
Imp
Q1) What is a pointer? Write the
advantages of a pointer.
Imp
Q2) Write a C program to find the product of two numbers using a pointer.
4.4.4
Call by value and Call by reference
Call by Value:
Ø Definition: A
method of passing arguments to a function where the actual value of the
argument is passed to the function's parameter.
Ø Effect: Changes
made to the parameter within the function do not affect the original variable.
Ø Usage: Suitable
for small or simple data types where modifying the original data is not
required.
Example:
void swap(int a, int b);
swap(a, b);
A C program to swap the values of two numbers
using a function with call by value is as follows:
#include <stdio.h>
void swap(int, int); //Function declaration
int main()
{
int a, b;
printf("Enter first number: ");
scanf("%d", &a);
printf("Enter second number: ");
scanf("%d", &b);
swap(a, b); // Call by value
return 0;
}
void swap(int x, int y) //Function definition
{
int temp;
temp=x;
x=y;
y=temp;
printf("The value of 1st variable after swap is: %d",x);
printf("The value of 2nd variable after swap is: %d",y);
}
Call by Reference:
Ø Definition: A
method of passing arguments to a function where the reference (address) of the
argument is passed to the function's parameter.
Ø Effect: Changes
made to the parameter within the function affect the original variable.
Ø Usage: Suitable
for large or complex data types where modifying the original data is required.
Example:
void swap(int *a, int *b);
swap(&a, &b);
A C program to swap the values of two numbers
using a function with call by reference is as follows:
#include <stdio.h>
void swap(int *, int *); //Function declaration
int main()
{
int a, b;
printf("Enter first number: ");
scanf("%d", &a);
printf("Enter second number: ");
scanf("%d", &b);
swap(&a, &b); // Call by reference
return 0;
}
void swap(int *x, int *y) //Function definition
{
int temp;
temp=*x;
*x=*y;
*y=temp;
printf("The value of 1st variable after swap is: %d",*x);
printf("The value of 2nd variable after swap is: %d",*y);
}
4.5 Working with File
Concept of Data File:
A data file is defined as the collection of data or
information which is permanently stored inside secondary memory as a single
unit. We can read, write, append and delete data in data file as per our
requirements.
File handling in C refers to the process of creating, reading, writing, and manipulating files on the disk using standard libraries functions.
File Operation Modes:
File handling modes define how a file is opened and how
you can interact with its contents.
In other words, it specifies the purpose of opening a file.
There are mainly six file handling (opening) modes in C, as follows:
1. "r" mode
(Read): "r" mode opens an existing file for the purpose of
reading only. The possible operation is reading from the file.
2. "w" mode
(Write): "w" mode opens a file for the purpose of writing only.
The possible operation is writing to the file.
3. "a"
mode (Append): "a" mode opens an existing file for the purpose of
appending (i.e., adding new information at the end of the file).
4. "r+"
mode (Read + Write): "r+" mode opens an existing file for the
purpose of both reading and writing.
5. "w+"
mode (Write + Read): "w+" mode opens a file for the purpose of
both writing and reading.
6. "a+"
mode (Append + Read): "a+" mode opens an existing file for the
purpose of both reading and appending.
Note: IMP
for MCQS:
- In
"w" mode, if the file already exists, its contents are
overwritten (content is deleted first and then written). If the file does
not exist, a new file is created.
- In
"r" mode, if the file exists, it loads into memory and sets up a
pointer which points to the first character in it. If the file does not
exist, it returns Null.
- In
"a" mode, if the file exists, it loads into memory and sets up a
pointer which points to the last character in it. If the file does not
exist, a new file is created.
File Pointers
Declaration / Opening a data file:
Syntax:
FILE * fptr;
fptr = fopen("file_name", "mode");
Here,
Ø FILE is the data structure.
Ø fopen is a standard library function
used to open a file.
Ø fptr is a file pointer to the type
file.
File Manipulation
Functions / File handling functions:
1. Writing data to a
file:
The file write operations can be performed by following functions:
a) fprintf() : The function fprintf() is a formatted
output function which is used to write integers, float, char or string to a
file. To use this function the file has to be opened on writing or appending
mode.
Syntax:
fprintf(file_pointer, "format_specifiers", variable_list);
Example:
fprintf(fptr, "%d %s", rn, name);
Explanation:
Above example writes the roll no with format specifier %d and name with format specifier %s into a file.
b) putc(): The function putc() is used to write a
character to a file. To use this function the file has to be opened on writing
or appending mode.
Syntax:
putc (character, file_pointer);
Example:
putc ('A', fptr);
Explanation:
Above example writes the character 'A' to a file.
c) putw(): The function putw() is used to write an
integer in a binary format to a file. To use this function the file has to be
opened on writing or appending mode.
Syntax:
putw (integer, file_pointer);
Example:
int n = 123;
putw(n, fptr);
Explanation:
Above example writes the integer 123 to a file in a binary format.
d) fputs() : The function fputs() is used to write a
string to a file. To use this function the file has to be opened on writing or
appending mode.
Syntax:
fputs(string, file_pointer);
Example:
fputs("Helloworld", fptr);
2.
Reading data from a file:
The file read operations can be performed by following functions:
a) fscanf(): The function fscanf() is a
formatted input function which is used to read integers, float, chars or
strings from a file. To use this function the file has to be opened on reading
mode.
fscanf(file_pointer, "format_specifiers",
variable_list);
fscanf(fptr, "%d %s", &rn, name);
Explanation:
Above example reads the roll no with format specifiers %d and name
with format specifiers %s from a file.
b) getc(): The function getc() is used to
read a character from a file. To use this function the file has to be opened on
reading mode.
Syntax:
getc(file_pointer);
Example:
getc(fptr);
c) getw(): The function getw() is used to
read an integer in a binary format from a file. To use this function the file
has to be opened on reading mode.
Syntax:
getw(file_pointer);
Example:
getw(fptr);
d) fgets(): The function fgets() is used to
read a string from a file. To use this function the file has to be opened on
reading mode.
Syntax:
fgets(string, n, file_pointer);
Here, n denotes the number of characters in a
string.
Example:
fgets(s, 100, fptr);
3. Deleting
file and Renaming file:
Ø
remove function is used to delete
the file.
Syntax: remove("file_name");
Ø
rename function is used to rename
the old file name into the new file name.
Syntax: rename("old_file_name","New_file_name");
Example:
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
char name[20];
FILE *fptr;
fptr = fopen("file.txt",
"w");
printf("Enter
your name:");
scanf("%s",
name);
fprintf(fptr, "%s",
name);
fclose(fptr);
rename("file.txt",
"newfile.txt");
remove("newfile.txt");
return 0;
}
IMP Note:
Binary file handling in C refers to reading and writing data in binary format to a file.
This means in binary file handling, the data is stored in the exact byte-for-byte format as it appears in memory, which is different from text file handling where the data is stored as human-readable text.
The primary functions used for binary file handling are:
a) fread() b) fwrite() c) putw() d) getw() e) fseek() f) rewind(), etc.
Here's a simple example that demonstrates how to use putw() and getw() for writing and reading integers to and from a binary file:
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int num, i;
FILE *fptr;
fptr = fopen("numbers.bin", "wb");
for (i = 1; i <= 10; i++)
{
putw(i, fptr);
}
fclose(fptr);
fptr = fopen("numbers.bin", "rb");
printf("Numbers in the file:\n");
for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
num = getw(fptr);
printf("%d\n", num);
}
fclose(fptr);
return 0;
}
Imp Q) Describe the file handling concept in C.
Ans:
File handling in C is the process of creating, writing, reading, and manipulating data files on the disk using standard library functions (file manipulation/handling functions).
While handling a file in C, it has to be created/opened, perform read/write operations, and close the file as shown below:
Step 1: Creating/Opening the file
Syntax: file_pointer = fopen("file_name", "file_mode");
Example: fptr = fopen("student.dat", "r");
Step 2: Writing data to a file
Syntax: fprintf(file_pointer, "format_specifiers", variables);
Example: fprintf(fptr, "%d %s", rn, name);
Step 3: Reading data from a file
Syntax: fscanf(file_pointer, "format_specifiers", variables);
Example: fscanf(fptr, "%d %s", &rn, name);
Step 4: Closing the file
Syntax: fclose(file_pointer);
Example: fclose(fptr);
Most Important worked out examples:
Q1) Write a program to create and write(store) data into a file.
OR
Write a program to enter name, roll number and age of a student and store them in a data file "student.dat".
Ans:
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char name[20];
int rn, age;
FILE *fptr;
fptr = fopen("student.dat", "w");
if (fptr == NULL)
{
printf("Error opening file!");
return 1;
}
printf("Enter name:");
scanf("%s", name);
printf("Enter rollno:");
scanf("%d", &rn);
printf("Enter age:");
scanf("%d", &age);
// Write data to the file using fprintf.
fprintf(fptr, "%s %d %d", name, rn, age);
fclose(fptr);
return 0;
}
OR
Write a program to display name, age and roll number of a student reading from a file "student.dat".
Ans:
4) Write a program to enter name, age and roll number of the students (n students) and store them in file "student.dat". Read and display the content of the file in an appropriate format.
- fopen() - Opens the file.
- fread() - Reads data from the file in sequence.
- fwrite() - Writes data to the file in sequence.
- fclose() - Closes the file when done.
- fseek(FILE *file, long offset, int whence) - Moves the file pointer to a specific location.
- ftell(FILE *file) - Returns the current position of the file pointer.
- rewind(FILE *file) - Resets the file pointer to the beginning of the file.
posted by Computer with Madhav @ November 05, 2024
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